Diaryl-dithiolanes and -isothiazoles: COX-1/COX-2 and 5-LOX-inhibitory, *OH scavenging and anti-adhesive activities

Bioorg Med Chem. 2009 Jan 15;17(2):558-68. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.074. Epub 2008 Dec 6.

Abstract

Three series of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibiting the cyclooxygenase/5-lipoxygenase (COX/5-LOX) pathways as such as formation of hydroxyl radicals and adhesion were prepared: 4,5-diaryl isothiazoles, 4,5-diaryl 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thiones and 4,5-diaryl 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-ones. The aim of the present study was to develop substances which can intervene into the inflammatory processes via different mechanisms of action as multiple target non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (MTNSAIDs) with increased anti-inflammatory potential. The current lead 11a was evaluated in COX-1/2, 5-LOX and (*)OH scavenging in vitro assays and in a static adhesion assay where it proved to inhibit adhesion. Moreover, 11a treatment attenuated expression of macrophage adhesion molecule-1 (Mac-1) on extravasated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) which indicates that the activation was reduced. The assays used are predictive for the in vivo efficacy of test compounds as shown for 11a in a peritonitis model of acute inflammation in mice. Thus, the novel 5-LOX/COX and (*)OH inhibitor 11a possesses anti-inflammatory activity that, in addition to COX/5-LOX inhibition, implicates effects on leukocyte-endothelial interactions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / chemistry*
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology
  • Cell Adhesion / drug effects
  • Cyclooxygenase 1
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Hydroxyl Radical
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors*
  • Macrophage-1 Antigen / analysis
  • Macrophage-1 Antigen / drug effects
  • Mice
  • Neutrophils / drug effects
  • Peritonitis / drug therapy
  • Sulfhydryl Compounds / chemistry*
  • Sulfhydryl Compounds / pharmacology
  • Thiazoles / chemistry*
  • Thiazoles / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
  • Macrophage-1 Antigen
  • Sulfhydryl Compounds
  • Thiazoles
  • Hydroxyl Radical
  • Cyclooxygenase 1
  • Cyclooxygenase 2