Examination of Diazaspiro Cores as Piperazine Bioisosteres in the Olaparib Framework Shows Reduced DNA Damage and Cytotoxicity

J Med Chem. 2018 Jun 28;61(12):5367-5379. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00576. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Abstract

Development of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi's) continues to be an attractive area of research due to synthetic lethality in DNA repair deficient cancers; however, PARPi's also have potential as therapeutics to prevent harmful inflammation. We investigated the pharmacological impact of incorporating spirodiamine motifs into the phthalazine architecture of FDA approved PARPi olaparib. Synthesized analogues were screened for PARP-1 affinity, enzyme specificity, catalytic inhibition, DNA damage, and cytotoxicity. This work led to the identification of 10e (12.6 ± 1.1 nM), which did not induce DNA damage at similar drug concentrations as olaparib. Interestingly, several worst in class compounds with low PARP-1 affinity, including 15b (4397 ± 1.1 nM), induced DNA damage at micromolar concentrations, which can explain the cytotoxicity observed in vitro. This work provides further evidence that high affinity PARPi's can be developed without DNA damaging properties offering potential new drugs for treating inflammatory related diseases.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • BRCA1 Protein / genetics
  • Cell Line
  • DNA Damage / drug effects*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Fibroblasts
  • Humans
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Phthalazines / chemistry*
  • Phthalazines / pharmacology
  • Piperazine / chemistry*
  • Piperazines / chemistry*
  • Piperazines / pharmacology
  • Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 / metabolism
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / genetics
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / metabolism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • BRCA1 Protein
  • BRCA1 protein, human
  • Phthalazines
  • Piperazines
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors
  • Piperazine
  • PARP1 protein, human
  • Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases
  • Parp2 protein, mouse
  • olaparib