Progress of thrombus formation and research on the structure-activity relationship for antithrombotic drugs

Xiaoan Li; Tiantian Guo; Qian Feng; Tiantian Bai; Lei Wu; Yubo Liu; Xu Zheng; Jianzhong Jia; Jin Pei; Shaoping Wu; Yiming Song; Yongmin Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114035

Progress of thrombus formation and research on the structure-activity relationship for antithrombotic drugs

Eur J Med Chem. 2022 Jan 15:228:114035. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114035. Epub 2021 Dec 7.

Authors

Xiaoan Li¹, Tiantian Guo², Qian Feng³, Tiantian Bai³, Lei Wu³, Yubo Liu³, Xu Zheng⁴, Jianzhong Jia⁴, Jin Pei⁵, Shaoping Wu⁶, Yiming Song⁷, Yongmin Zhang⁸

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
² College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
⁴ Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug, Xi'an, 710000, China.
⁵ Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
⁶ Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China. Electronic address: wushaoping@nwu.edu.cn.
⁷ School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China. Electronic address: ymsong@nwu.edu.cn.
⁸ Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.

PMID: 34902735
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114035

Abstract

Many populations suffer from thrombotic disorders such as stroke, myocardial infarction, unstable angina and thromboembolic disease. Thrombus is one of the major threatening factors to human health and the prevalence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases induced by thrombus is growing worldwide, even some persons got rare and severe blood clots after receiving the AstraZeneca COVID vaccine unexpectedly. In terms of mechanism of thrombosis, antithrombotic drugs have been divided into three categories including anticoagulants, platelet inhibitors and fibrinolytics. Nowadays, a large number of new compounds possessing antithrombotic activities are emerging in an effort to remove the inevitable drawbacks of previously approved drugs such as the high risk of bleeding, a slow onset of action and a narrow therapeutic window. In this review, we describe the causes and mechanisms of thrombus formation firstly, and then summarize these reported active compounds as potential antithrombotic candidates based on their respective mechanism, hoping to promote the development of more effective bioactive molecules for treating thrombotic disorders.

Keywords: Antithrombotic drugs; Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases; Thrombus.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Fibrinolytic Agents / chemistry
Fibrinolytic Agents / therapeutic use*
Humans
Molecular Structure
Thrombosis / drug therapy*

Substances

Fibrinolytic Agents